Maypak Packaging Specialized in Cosmetic Packaging Containers and Cosmetic Bottles Wholesale
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Maypak Packaging Specialized in Cosmetic Packaging Containers and Cosmetic Bottles Wholesale
Glass Bottles are generally made by the blow-blow method and the pressure-blow method. The blow-blow method is generally suitable for narrow-mouth bottles, such as lotion-type bottles, and the pressure-blow method is generally suitable for wide-mouth bottles, such as Glass Cream Jar.
The technology of glass bottle products is also called deep processing of glass bottles, which refers to deep processing on the surface or inner wall of glass bottles, such as frosting, silk screen printing, hot stamping, spraying, electroplating, polishing, etc., so that the surface of Cosmetic Glass Bottles presents different technological effects.
Frosting Process:
Principle: SiO2+4HF=SiF4+4H2O
Chemically frosted glass is essentially a kind of matte acid-etched glass. It has a similar principle to chemical etching and chemical polishing, both of which use acid to chemically corrode the glass surface.
People can frost the entire surface of glass products, or partially frost the glass products to form patterns. The frosting process of patterns is usually called matte etching.
Chemical Polishing: It is to prevent certain insoluble reactants produced by the chemical corrosion of acid and glass from adhering to the glass surface, and try to dissolve and rinse them away. The chemical polishing process is always a process of uniform erosion of the entire surface, thereby obtaining a transparent and smooth surface;
Chemical Frosting: Insoluble substances that have not been removed from the chemical reaction adhere to the glass surface. As the reaction time continues, the reactants accumulate into granular crystals (fluorosilicate crystals) that are firmly attached to the surface, and the reactants adhere to the surface. The surface hinders the further reaction of acid etching, that is, it becomes non-uniform etching, and what is obtained is a translucent rough surface. The rough surface scatters the incident light and is translucent and has a hazy feeling, so it is called frosting.
Frosting Material:
The main chemical frosting materials on the market include the following: hydrofluoric acid, frosting paste, and frosting powder.
If the proportion of Hydrofluoric Acid is good, the effect is OK, and the time required for frosting is shorter than that of frosting paste and frosting powder. However, hydrofluoric acid is not suitable for mass production, especially when the weather is hot. Its operation is unstable and it is easy to volatilize in the air and cause atmospheric pollution. Moreover, hydrofluoric acid is very harmful to the human body and can corrode the surface and bones of the human body. It is a frosting method that is gradually being eliminated.
Frosting Paste is mostly suitable for partial frosting of glass products and is more convenient to operate; however, frosting paste is not suitable for frosting large areas of glass. The main reason is that when it is used to frost large areas of glass, it is easy to produce frosting. Surface unevenness and other phenomena. Frosting paste is often used for screen printing.
Compared with Frosting Paste, the operation process of frosting powder is a little more complicated, that is, the frosting powder needs to be mixed into a solution. However, frosting with frosting powder will work on almost all glass items. It can not only frost glasses, glass bottles, glass lighting and other glass products that can be immersed in the solution; it can also frost flat glass, sliding door glass and other products that are not suitable to be immersed in the frosting solution, but need to be frosted. Glass products are frosted.
Main chemical components of frosting powder: fluoride, ammonium sulfate, barium sulfate, potassium sulfate and other additives
Note: Frosting powder is usually prepared with fluoride (such as ammonium fluoride, potassium hydrofluoride, calcium fluoride) as the main component, and then adding ammonium sulfate, barium sulfate, potassium sulfate and other additives. During use, sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid is added to prepare a frosting liquid. Glass products are placed in this frosting liquid. The hydrofluoric acid generated by the reaction between frosting powder and acid erodes the glass products to achieve a frosting effect.
Frosting paste and frosting powder are relatively safe and easy-to-operate frosting materials, and are suitable for different processing requirements. Frosting paste is mostly used for partial frosting of glass, which can create a beautiful frosting pattern effect, while frosting powder is suitable for sanding large areas of glass. The two are complementary according to usage needs.
Formula: (calculate the required materials based on 1 kg of frosted powder and 1 square meter of frosted glass).
Frosting liquid Frosting powder: concentrated hydrochloric acid = 2:1
Pickling solution Sulfuric acid: Water =5:100
Frosting Method:
Immersion method: immerse glass products in frosting liquid for a certain period of time
Blow method: Blow the frosting liquid onto the glass surface
Coating method: Apply frosting paste on the surface of glass products
Frosting Process:
Pickling (clean the glass surface) → Frosting (about 45 seconds) → Pickling (cleaning the frosting liquid on the glass surface) → Water washing (cleaning all the frosting liquid) → Drying (with wind or other Method: Dry the frosted glass)
The Difference Between Frosted Glass and Sandblasted Frosted Glass:
Sandblasting glass: The glass sand particles ejected at high speed are used to hit the glass surface, forming a slight unevenness on the glass surface, producing a hazy effect to achieve the effect of refracting light. The finer the glass sand, the finer the particles. The effect is more three-dimensional. [Purpose: Sandblasted glass particles are large, easy to accumulate dust and turn black over a long period of time, and are difficult to clean. It is an initial glass treatment process. Generally used for large-area glass treatment in construction, decoration, bathroom doors and windows, etc.]. Compared with frosting, glass products produced by sandblasting process have a rough surface feel, high breakage rate, greater dust contamination, and average process difficulty.
Frosted glass: After ordinary glass bottles are frosted with frosting powder, they become frosted glass bottles. The production process is to etch the surface with chemicals by soaking it. It is mainly used with screen printing and can draw paintings on the glass surface. Frosted glass has a delicate feel, is durable and is easy to clean. Its price and processing cost are higher than those of sanded glass. If polished, it will feel softer, have no fingerprints and have stronger light transmittance. It is also called jade sand glass.
Frosted glass: Also called frosted glass bottle and dark glass bottle, it is the collective name for sandblasted glass and frosted glass. It is made of ordinary flat glass and its surface is treated to a uniform surface by mechanical sandblasting, manual grinding or hydrofluoric acid etching. Due to the rough surface, the light is diffusely reflected, transmitting light without being see-through, and the frosted glass bottle can make the light soft but not dazzling. Glass that is too thin is not suitable for frosting.
Frosting FAQ:
Uneven frosting: The surface reason is different depths of corrosion and uneven sand surface thickness. The underlying reason is uneven frosting liquid. Solution: Add hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid in proportion to speed up the maturation and dissolution of the frosting liquid. Add old frosting fluid to neutralize the intensity.
Translucency: caused by foreign matter on the bottle/frosting liquid/pickling. Oil stains on the bottle: After frosting, a large area of regular translucent light generally appears. During the frosting process, areas without oil stains first react with the frosting liquid, while areas with oil stains are first decomposed by hydrofluoric acid and then react with the frosting. Liquid reaction, that is, the two places have different reaction times with the frosting liquid, and what you see is regular semi-transparent light. Solution: Pickling, mainly divided into two methods according to the severity of the oil stain: mild, pickling pretreatment acid ratio is generally 7% hydrofluoric acid, 5% hydrochloric acid, and 88% water. In severe cases, the pickling pretreatment acid ratio is 12% hydrofluoric acid, 5% hydrochloric acid, and 85% water, and then a water washing tank is added.
Silk Screen:
High-temperature screen printing and low-temperature screen printing are commonly used in daily screen printing.
Low-temperature screen printing is an oil-like ink that is baked at a low temperature of about 150 degrees after printing. Some screen printing does not require baking and is left to dry naturally after printing. The advantage is that the colors are diverse, the ink is stable, and the color difference is small. For designs with higher difficulty, such as screen lines or thinner text, better printing effects can be achieved. The disadvantage is that the ink has weak adhesion and is easy to scratch and scratch;
High-temperature screen printing is a powder-like ink that needs to be baked at a high temperature of 550-700 degrees after printing. Its advantages are friction resistance, not easy to fade, strong adhesion, bright colors, and relatively bright colors; its disadvantages: limited color, easy to produce Color difference, some colors cannot be printed at high temperatures, such as purple, which cannot display text and lines that are too thin;
Glass Bottle Hot Stamping:
Hot stamping is when the low-temperature screen printing ink is not yet dry, using hot stamping paper to press the product at a high temperature of 200 degrees. It uses a certain pressure and temperature to use the template installed on the hot stamping machine to make the printed matter and hot stamping foil They are pressed against each other in a short period of time, and the metal foil or pigment foil is transferred to the surface of the printed matter according to the image and text of the hot stamping template. For some high-end products, customers will perform hot stamping processing on the trademark or brand logo on the product. Mainly gold and silver colors are used, and hot stamping products of other colors can also be produced, but due to limitations of raw materials, color mixing cannot be performed.
Glass Bottle Spray:
Spray a uniform layer of water-based paint coating on the surface of the product with an air gun. After the sprayed product is leveled, preheated, and dried, the coating solidifies to decorate and protect the glass bottle; various spraying effects can be used for spraying. The appearance of the product is improved;
Attach a layer of organic paint to the surface of the glass bottle (glass paint adds specified colors, additives, etc.) to meet the requirements for rich colors on the glass packaging bottle. It can achieve high gloss, matte, pearlescent, transparent, gradient, etc. Effect products.
Spraying process:
Loading bottles → Bottle wiping → Flame treatment → Electrostatic dust removal → Spraying → Preheating → Solidification → Cooling → Unloading bottles → Packaging
Glass Bottle Electroplating:
There are two common electroplating processes: water electroplating and vacuum ion plating. Vacuum ion plating is generally used.
Vacuum plating is a physical deposition phenomenon. That is, argon gas is injected under a vacuum state, and the argon gas hits the target material. The target material is separated into molecules and are adsorbed by the conductive goods to form a uniform and smooth surface layer.
The main idea of vacuum electroplating is to divide it into two types: evaporation and sputtering
Electroplating is performed in an electroplating bath, sputtering is performed under high voltage, and evaporation evaporates at high temperatures. The aluminum inside the optical disk is sputtered.
Vacuum electroplating can produce a glossy black effect that cannot be achieved by ordinary electroplating.
PC material has a temperature resistance of 130°C. Only “vacuum electroplating + UV oil curing” can meet the high temperature resistance requirement of 130°C. However, general water plating cannot plate PC materials.
Vacuum electroplating mainly includes vacuum evaporation, vacuum sputtering and vacuum ion plating.
Vacuum ion plating, also known as vacuum coating. Vacuum electroplating is a relatively popular method, and the products produced have a strong metallic feel and high brightness. Compared with other coating methods, it has lower cost and less pollution to the environment, and is widely used in various industries.
Vacuum ion plating: The principle of this technology is as follows: vacuum arc discharge technology is used in a vacuum chamber to generate arc light on the surface of the cathode material, which evaporates the cathode material to form atoms and ions. Under the action of the electric field, atoms and ion beams bombard the workpiece surface as the anode at high speed. At the same time, the reaction gas is introduced into the vacuum chamber to form a coating with excellent properties on the surface of the workpiece. Cathode materials (also called target materials) generally use metals such as titanium, chromium, and aluminum, and commonly used reaction gases are nitrogen and hydrocarbon gases. The coatings obtained include TiN, CrN, TiC, ZrN, etc.
Vacuum ion plating technology has the following advantages:
(1) A coating with high hardness can be obtained, with a small friction coefficient and high wear resistance.
(2) The coating has good chemical stability, high temperature oxidation resistance, and good corrosion resistance.
(3) The coating is beautiful. Can obtain golden color such as 18K gold and other colored films.
(4) The coating has high bonding force with the base material. Its bonding force is higher than traditional coatings such as magnetron sputtering and vacuum evaporation, and the coating is not easy to peel off.
(5) The production process does not pollute the environment. The coating is formed quickly, saving electricity and water.
Vacuum coating refers to a method of heating metal or non-metallic materials under high vacuum conditions to evaporate and condense on the surface of the plated part (metal, semiconductor or insulator) to form a thin film. For example, vacuum aluminum plating, vacuum chromium plating, etc.
Vacuum electroplating can be divided into: general vacuum electroplating and UV vacuum electroplating. Special vacuum electroplating processes include evaporation, sputtering, gun color, etc.
Vacuum evaporation: referred to as evaporation, refers to the use of a certain heating evaporation method (tungsten filament) to evaporate and vaporize the coating material (or film material) under vacuum conditions, and the particles fly to the surface of the substrate and condense to form a film Process methods. Evaporation is an earlier and more widely used vapor deposition technology. It has the advantages of simple film formation method, high film purity and density, and unique film structure and performance.
Vacuum sputtering: In a vacuum environment, appropriate inert gas is introduced as a medium, and the inert gas is accelerated to hit the target, so that the atoms on the target surface are knocked out and a coating is formed on the surface.
Sputtering, usually referred to as magnetron sputtering, is a high-speed and low-temperature sputtering method. This process requires a vacuum degree of about 1×10-3Torr, that is, a vacuum state of 1.3×10-3Pa is filled with inert gas argon (Ar), and is added between the plastic substrate (anode) and the metal target (cathode). When high-voltage direct current is applied, the electrons generated by glow discharge excite the inert gas and generate plasma. The plasma blasts out the atoms of the metal target and deposits them on the plastic substrate.
Sputtering involves bombarding the material surface with charged particles with a kinetic energy of tens of electron volts or higher, causing them to sputter out and enter the gas phase, which can be used for etching and coating.
The coating principles of sputtering and ion plating are different.
Vacuum evaporation uses resistance (tungsten wire), electron beam, laser and other methods to heat the film material to evaporate or sublimate the film material.
Resistance heating source is a commonly used evaporation source with simple structure and easy operation.
The vacuum evaporation method is a method of heating metal under high vacuum conditions to melt and evaporate it, and then cool it to form a metal film on the surface of the plastic. Commonly used metals are low melting point metals such as aluminum.
Vacuum evaporation can theoretically plate low melting point metals such as aluminum, nickel, zinc, copper, silver, and gold. However, considering the cost, generally only aluminum and nickel plating are used.
Place the metal to be plated and the plastic product to be plated in a vacuum chamber, and use a certain method to heat the material to be plated to evaporate or sublimate the metal. The metal vapor condenses into a metal film when it encounters the cold plastic product surface.
Generally, vacuum evaporation requires the pressure in the film forming chamber to be equal to or lower than 10-2Pa. For occasions where the evaporation source, the product to be plated, and the quality of the film are very high, the pressure is required to be lower (10-5Pa).
When evaporating plastic products, the evaporation time must be adjusted to ensure that the heat emitted when the metal cools does not deform the resin. In addition, metals or alloys with too high melting and boiling points are not suitable for evaporation.
The vacuum evaporation process generally includes: substrate surface cleaning, preparation before coating, evaporation, pick-up, post-plating treatment, inspection, finished product and other steps.
Vacuum coating can coat a variety of plastics such as: ABS, PE, PP, PVC, PA, PC, PMMA, etc.
*Maypak packaging is Glass Bottle Manufacturer and has been focusing on Glass Bottles for more than 17 years and was established in 2006,the company enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad. If you have any questions about lipstick tubes, please contact us.
Yuyao Maypak Packaging Co., Ltd., established in 2006, is a modern and professional enterprise integrating product design, R & D, production and sales
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